The diagram shows how ethanol was prepared from water and sugar solution (with yeast); the gas produced is bubbled through water containing Universal Indicator.

1. aName the process by which ethanol is produced from water and sugar solution. [1]
2. bName the gas produced. [1]
3. cWhat colour change is observed as the gas is bubbled through the Universal Indicator solution? [2]
4. dA student suggested boiling the sugar water and yeast solution so that the reaction can be faster. Explain why the solution should not be boiled. [1]
5. eDescribe how the ethanol can be separated from the mixture after the reaction is complete. [1]
6. fWhen using fractional distillation, describe how you would know that all the ethanol has been separated. [1]
7. gThe ethanol is heated with potassium dichromate(VI) to form an organic compound. Name the compound formed and give its structural formula. [2]

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